H.R. 4583: Living Donor Protection Act of 2025

H.R. 4583 runs four pages and does two things. The first is a flat prohibition: an insurer cannot deny you coverage, cancel it, refuse to issue it, set your price, or change any term of a life, disability, or long-term care policy based only on the fact that you are a living organ donor.

The word carrying the weight is "solely." The bill's full phrase bars decisions made solely on donor status "and without any actual, unique, and material actuarial risks." An insurer that can document a real, specific, measurable risk in your file can still act on it. An insurer that sees a donation and prices upward without one cannot. Where the line falls between those two is the entire argument over this bill.

The definition is deliberately wide. A living organ donor is anyone who has donated all or part of an organ and is not deceased. There is no list of qualifying organs, no window of time, no requirement that the donation was recent. A partial liver donation from twenty years ago counts the same as a kidney given last month.

Enforcement is where the federal reach stops. The prohibition is national, but the bill hands enforcement to state insurance regulators and lets them use only the powers their own state law already grants. Two donors with the same right could face very different odds of enforcing it, depending on which state they live in.

The second half of the bill is education. Health and Human Services would get six months after enactment to review and update its public materials on living donation — public service announcements, organdonor.gov, and whatever other media the department picks — so they cover the benefits, the risks, the insurance question, and the new protection itself.