H.R. 4710: No Surprises Act Enforcement Act

Introduced Jul 23, 202526 cosponsors

Sponsor

Gregory Murphy

Gregory Murphy

Republican · NC-3

Bill Progress

IntroducedJul 23
Committee 
Pass House 
Pass Senate 
Signed 
Law 

Latest Action · Jul 23, 2025

1/3

Referred to Energy and Commerce, and in addition to the Committees on Education and Workforce, and Ways and Means, for a period to be subsequently determined by the Speaker, in each case for consideration of such provisions as fall within the jurisdiction of the committee concerned. for review

Triple damages for insurers that stiff surprise-bill rulings

5 min readLast updated May 4, 2026

Why it matters

Penalties jump from $100 a day to $10,000 per failure. Insurers that miss the 30-day deadline after an arbitration ruling would owe three times the unpaid gap, plus interest — and HHS would have to publish a public scoreboard of who broke the rules every six months.

H.R. 4710 doesn't add new patient protections. It raises the cost of breaking the No Surprises Act protections that already exist. The bill works through three statutes at once — the Public Health Service Act, ERISA, and the Internal Revenue Code — so the same rules apply whether your coverage is from your employer, the marketplace, or somewhere else.

The headline change is money. Civil penalties for plans and insurers that violate key surprise-billing provisions go from $100 a day to $10,000 per failure. Under the ERISA track, the Labor Secretary could assess up to $10,000 for each individual whose plan didn't comply.

What does H.R. 4710 do?

1

Penalties jump from $100/day to $10,000 per failure

Civil penalties for plans and insurers that violate specified No Surprises Act provisions rise sharply. Under the Public Health Service Act and the tax code, fines move from $100 per day to $10,000 per failure. Under ERISA, the Labor Secretary could assess up to $10,000 for each individual whose plan didn't comply.

2

30-day deadline to pay after an arbitration ruling

Once an independent dispute resolution arbitrator decides what an out-of-network item or service is worth, the responsible plan, insurer, provider, or facility has 30 days from the determination to pay the difference between that ruling and the initial payment plus cost-sharing.

3

Triple damages for late or missing payment

If the responsible entity blows the 30-day deadline, it owes an additional penalty equal to three times the gap between the initial payment — or $0 if the claim was denied — and the out-of-network rate, minus cost-sharing. The triple penalty is on top of the original amount owed.

4

Interest stacks on unpaid penalties

Any amount owed under the late-payment penalty is also subject to interest, with terms set by the Secretary. The bill doesn't specify a rate.

5

HHS must publish enforcement reports every six months

Beginning the first calendar year after enactment, HHS — in coordination with Labor and Treasury — has to file reports by February 1 and every six months thereafter, covering audits, complaints, and enforcement during the prior six-month window. Reports for 2022 through the year of enactment must be filed annually.

6

Reports must list the three most commonly reported violations

Each report has to spell out the total number of audits, complaints from providers and patients, enforcement actions tied to those complaints, the aggregate dollar amount of civil penalties, non-monetary corrective actions, and a description of the three most commonly reported violations during the period.

Who benefits from H.R. 4710?

Out-of-network ER docs, anesthesiologists, and ambulance crews

These are the providers most often pulled into IDR fights — emergency physicians, anesthesiologists, radiologists, and ground/air ambulance services. The 30-day clock and triple damages give them leverage to actually collect on awards arbitrators have already issued.

Patients with employer or marketplace coverage

Patients benefit indirectly. The No Surprises Act already shields them from out-of-network balance bills; if insurers are penalized harder for non-compliance, providers have less reason to push back on the underlying rules.

Anyone filing a complaint to HHS, Labor, or Treasury

Complaints become visible. Federal reports must count complaints submitted by providers, participants, beneficiaries, and enrollees, and tally the enforcement actions that resulted — creating a public record every six months.

Federal regulators

HHS, Labor, and Treasury get clearer authority and public benchmarks for compliance, including audit totals, aggregate civil penalty dollars, and a recurring list of the top three most common violations.

Who is affected by H.R. 4710?

Group health plans (ERISA-governed)

Self-insured employer plans face Labor Department civil penalties of up to $10,000 per individual affected by noncompliance — a per-person multiplier rather than a flat per-failure amount.

Health insurance issuers

Issuers face $10,000 per-failure penalties under the Public Health Service Act and the tax code, and must meet the new 30-day deadline whenever they're the responsible payor on an IDR ruling.

Out-of-network providers and facilities

Providers and facilities involved in an IDR payment obligation must notify the Secretary when payment is made, and they're also on the hook for triple damages plus interest if they owe a balance to a plan and don't pay within 30 days.

HHS, Labor, and Treasury

The three agencies have to coordinate annual reports for 2022 through the year of enactment, then switch to twice-a-year reports starting the first calendar year after enactment — a meaningful new compliance and data-publishing workload.

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On the Record

What Congress Is Saying

H.R. 4710 hasn't been debated on the floor yet.

This section updates when a legislator speaks about it on the floor or in committee.

HR4710 Legislative Journey

1 actions

House: Committee Action

Jul 23, 2025

Referred to the Committee on Energy and Commerce, and in addition to the Committees on Education and Workforce, and Ways and Means, for a period to be subsequently determined by the Speaker, in each case for consideration of such provisions as fall within the jurisdiction of the committee concerned.

About the Sponsor

Gregory Murphy

Gregory Murphy

Republican, North Carolina's 3rd congressional district · 7 years in Congress

Committees: Joint Committee on Printing, House Administration, Veterans' Affairs

View full profile →

Cosponsors (26)

This bill gained 5 cosponsors in the last 30 days

This bill has 26 cosponsors: 13 Democrats, 13 Republicans, reflecting bipartisan support. Cosponsors represent 13 states: California, Florida, Illinois, and 10 more.

13Democrats13Republicans·13 statesBipartisan

Committee Sponsors

Ways and Means Committee

19D26R
|7 signed38 not yet

7 of 45 committee members cosponsored

Education and Workforce Committee

16D20R
|1 signed35 not yet

1 of 36 committee members cosponsored

Energy and Commerce Committee

24D30R
|6 signed48 not yet

6 of 54 committee members cosponsored

66 Republicans across these committees haven't cosponsored yet. Mobilize their constituents

Constituent Resources

Get notified when this bill moves

Official Sources

H.R. 4710 on Congress.gov

Official bill page with full text, cosponsors, actions, and committee referrals.

CMS — No Surprises Act hub

The Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services landing page for the underlying No Surprises Act protections H.R. 4710 would beef up.

CMS — About Federal Independent Dispute Resolution

How the IDR process works — the arbitration system whose unpaid awards H.R. 4710 targets with a 30-day deadline and triple damages.

CMS — Independent Dispute Resolution Reports

Current home for IDR operations data. H.R. 4710 would expand and accelerate these reports to twice a year.

DOL EBSA — No Surprises Act

Department of Labor's enforcement portal for ERISA-governed group health plans, which face up to $10,000 per individual under the bill.

CRS Report — NSA IDR Process Data Analysis for 2024 (R48738)

Congressional Research Service analysis showing more than 1.46 million federal IDR disputes initiated in 2024 — the scale problem H.R. 4710 responds to.

ASPE — Evidence on Surprise Billing

HHS Office of the Assistant Secretary for Planning and Evaluation brief on the consumer-protection rationale behind the No Surprises Act.

Who is lobbying on H.R. 4710?

2 organizations lobbying on this bill

Total filings: 3
NSP MANAGEMENT SERVICES OF LONG ISLAND, INC.
2
CAMBIA HEALTH SOLUTIONS (FORMERLY KNOWN AS THE REGENCE GROUP)
1

Showing 1-2 of 2 organizations

H.R. 4710 Common Questions

What's the maximum penalty for breaking the No Surprises Act under H.R. 4710?

H.R. 4710 raises the cap from $100 a day to $10,000 per failure for plans and insurers under the Public Health Service Act and the tax code. Under the ERISA track, the Labor Secretary could also assess up to $10,000 for each individual whose plan didn't comply.

How long do health plans have to pay after a surprise-billing arbitration ruling?

Thirty days. Once an independent arbitrator decides what an out-of-network item or service is worth, H.R. 4710 gives the responsible plan, insurer, provider, or facility 30 days from the determination to pay the difference between that ruling and the initial payment plus cost-sharing.

What happens if an insurer pays late or refuses to pay an IDR award?

They owe more. H.R. 4710 adds a penalty equal to three times the gap between the initial payment (or $0, if the claim was denied) and the out-of-network rate, minus cost-sharing — on top of the original amount. Interest accrues on the penalty at a rate set by the Secretary.

Will H.R. 4710 stop me from getting a surprise medical bill?

No — the No Surprises Act already does that. H.R. 4710 doesn't add new patient protections; it raises penalties on plans, insurers, and out-of-network providers who don't follow the existing rules.

What problem is H.R. 4710 trying to solve?

Sponsors say arbitration awards aren't getting paid. The American Medical Association and other physician groups argue insurers are slow-walking or skipping the payments independent arbitrators order under the No Surprises Act. H.R. 4710 ties unpaid awards to triple damages and a 30-day clock.

What enforcement data would HHS have to publish under H.R. 4710?

Twice a year, HHS — coordinating with Labor and Treasury — would have to report audit counts, complaints from providers and patients, enforcement actions, the aggregate dollar amount of civil penalties, non-monetary corrective actions, and the three most commonly reported violations.

Does H.R. 4710 cover air ambulance bills too?

Yes. The bill amends the surprise-billing rules for both emergency/non-emergency services and air ambulance services across the Public Health Service Act, ERISA, and the tax code, so the same 30-day clock and triple-damages mechanic apply to ambulance IDR awards.

Who introduced H.R. 4710 and how much support does it have?

Republican Gregory Murphy of North Carolina introduced it on July 23, 2025 with five original cosponsors, including Democrats Jimmy Panetta, Kim Schrier, and Raul Ruiz. As of May 2026, the bill has 26 cosponsors, and a Senate companion is led by Senators Bennet (D-CO) and Marshall (R-KS).

Based on H.R. 4710 bill text

H.R. 4710 Bill Text

PDF

To amend title XXVII of the Public Health Service Act, the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974, and the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 to increase penalties for group health plans and health insurance issuers for practices that violate balance billing requirements, and for other purposes.

Source: U.S. Government Publishing Office

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