H.R. 5461: Special Diabetes Program Reauthorization Act of 2025
Sponsor
Diana DeGette
Democrat · CO-1
Type 1 diabetes research shouldn't run on short-term extensions
Why it matters
$160 million a year, locked in for five years. H.R. 5461 extends the federal Special Diabetes Program for Type 1 diabetes through 2030 — $800 million in total — so the research it pays for isn't left waiting on the next short-term deadline.
The bill is one sentence long. It adds a new line to the funding schedule for the Special Diabetes Program for Type 1 diabetes: $160 million for each fiscal year from 2026 through 2030.
If it passes, Type 1 diabetes research gets $800 million in authorized federal funding through 2030 instead of facing another expiration date. That works out to roughly $438,000 a day.
The money stays available until it is spent. A grant that runs past the end of a budget year doesn't lose its funding when the calendar turns.
The line it adds is lettered (H) — it sits below seven earlier entries in the same schedule, a record of Congress extending this program again and again. Nothing else changes: no new patient benefits, eligibility rules, reporting requirements, or penalties.
Bill Progress
Latest Action · Sep 18, 2025
Referred to the House Committee on Energy and Commerce.
H.R. 5461 Bill Summary
What H.R. 5461 actually does.
Five more years of Type 1 research funding
Authorizes $160 million a year for the Special Diabetes Program for Type 1 diabetes in fiscal years 2026 through 2030.
$800 million committed through 2030
Five years at $160 million adds up to $800 million in total authorized funding.
Multi-year studies keep their money
Funds remain available until spent, so money isn't forfeited when a fiscal year closes in the middle of a project.
Nothing changes for patients directly
The bill adds no new benefits, eligibility standards, reporting requirements, or penalties. It extends an existing funding stream and nothing more.
Who benefits from H.R. 5461?
People living with Type 1 diabetes
If you or your child manages Type 1 every day, this is the federal research money behind work on better treatments, prevention, and long-term care — funded through 2030 instead of on a shorter clock.
Parents of newly diagnosed kids
Type 1 often shows up in childhood. Families facing a lifetime of insulin and monitoring have a direct stake in whether research into what comes next keeps its funding.
Researchers running long clinical studies
A trial that follows patients for years is hard to plan around short extensions. Five years of authorized funding, available until spent, gives labs and universities a planning window that matches the work.
Who is affected by H.R. 5461?
Federal health agencies
The agencies that administer the program, including NIH's diabetes institute, would keep running it for five more fiscal years at $160 million a year.
Grant recipients and research institutions
Institutions that receive program grants would plan against a funding horizon that runs through 2030.
Congress and appropriators
Lawmakers would be committing $800 million over five years to this one program, money that has to fit within broader federal health spending.
Cost & Funding
Authorization
$160 million per fiscal year for 2026 through 2030 — $800 million total
- $160 million × 5 years = $800 million in authorized funding.
- That averages about $438,000 a day, every day, for five years.
- Funds remain available until spent rather than expiring at the end of each fiscal year.
- The bill extends an existing program; it creates no new agency, benefit, or spending category.
- No CBO cost estimate has been published for this bill.
HR5461 Legislative Journey
House: Committee Action
Sep 18, 2025
Referred to the House Committee on Energy and Commerce.
About the Sponsor
Diana DeGette
Democrat, Colorado's 1st congressional district · 29 years in Congress
Committees: Energy and Commerce
View full profile →
Cosponsors (49)
This bill has 49 cosponsors: 35 Democrats, 14 Republicans, reflecting bipartisan support. Cosponsors represent 25 states: Alabama, California, Delaware, and 22 more.
Gus Bilirakis
Republican · FL
Raul Ruiz
Democrat · CA
Bennie Thompson
Democrat · MS
Emanuel Cleaver
Democrat · MO
Jamie Raskin
Democrat · MD
Gwen Moore
Democrat · WI
Rashida Tlaib
Democrat · MI
David Joyce
Republican · OH
Lloyd Doggett
Democrat · TX
Nanette Barragán
Democrat · CA
Angie Craig
Democrat · MN
Maxine Waters
Democrat · CA
Committee Sponsors
Energy and Commerce Committee
8 of 54 committee members cosponsored
18 Democrats across this committee haven't cosponsored yet. Mobilize their constituents
H.R. 5461 Quick Facts
- Committee
- Energy and Commerce
- Chamber
- House
- Policy
- Health
- Introduced
- Sep 18, 2025
Referred to the House Committee on Energy and Commerce.
Sep 18, 2025
Official Sources
Official status, text, cosponsors, and actions for the Special Diabetes Program Reauthorization Act of 2025.
The NIH program page for the Type 1 research funding this bill extends through 2030.
NIDDK history of the program, including its funding levels since 1998 and how it is administered with other NIH institutes and the CDC.
The research consortia and clinical trial networks the program funds, the multi-year work that depends on its renewals.
The Public Health Service Act section this bill amends by adding the $160 million-a-year funding line for 2026 through 2030.
NIH overview of Type 1 diabetes: what causes it, who gets it, and how it is managed.
H.R. 5461 Common Questions
What does H.R. 5461 do?
It extends the Special Diabetes Program for Type 1 diabetes, authorizing $160 million a year from 2026 through 2030. That's the whole bill — a single funding line.
What is the Special Diabetes Program for Type 1 diabetes?
It's a long-running federal research program dedicated to Type 1 diabetes, funded through the Public Health Service Act and closely tied to NIH's diabetes institute. Congress has to renew its funding periodically.
How much money does H.R. 5461 provide?
$160 million a year for five years, or $800 million total — roughly $438,000 a day.
Will H.R. 5461 lower my insulin costs or change my coverage?
No. The bill funds research. It doesn't touch insulin prices, insurance coverage, or patient eligibility for any program.
Why does it matter that the money stays available until spent?
Research grants often run across budget years. Without that language, unspent money could lapse when a fiscal year ends, even in the middle of a study.
Does H.R. 5461 have bipartisan support?
Yes. Diana DeGette (D-CO) introduced it with Gus Bilirakis (R-FL), and it has 49 cosponsors — 35 Democrats and 14 Republicans.
What happens next for H.R. 5461?
It's in the House Energy and Commerce Committee. Extensions like this often pass as part of a larger health or government funding package rather than on their own.
Based on H.R. 5461 bill text
H.R. 5461 Bill Text
“To extend funding for Special Diabetes Programs for Type I diabetes.”
Source: U.S. Government Publishing Office
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