The Committee on Homeland Security provides oversight for the Department of Homeland Security and addresses issues related to counterterrorism, cybersecurity, border security, emergency preparedness, and critical infrastructure protection. It develops legislation to secure the nation from various threats.

The Committee on the Judiciary conducts oversight of the Department of Justice and considers nominations for federal judgeships, including the Supreme Court. Its legislative jurisdiction covers constitutional amendments, federal criminal law, immigration, antitrust, patents, and civil liberties.