The Committee on Agriculture holds jurisdiction over federal agriculture policy, including farming, forestry, nutrition programs, and rural development. It oversees the Department of Agriculture and shapes legislation like the Farm Bill, covering commodity programs, conservation, and food assistance.

The Committee on the Judiciary conducts oversight of the Department of Justice and considers nominations for federal judgeships, including the Supreme Court. Its legislative jurisdiction covers constitutional amendments, federal criminal law, immigration, antitrust, patents, and civil liberties.