H.R. 5287: China Advanced Technology Monitoring Act
Sponsor
Eugene Vindman
Democrat · VA-7
Bill Progress
Latest Action · Sep 10, 2025
Referred to the House Committee on Foreign Affairs.
Congress wants a yearly scorecard on China's chip race
Why it matters
Almost every phone, car, and weapons system runs on advanced chips, and China is racing to build its own. H.R. 5287 would force the Pentagon to report once a year for 5 years on exactly how far China has gotten and whether U.S. export controls are actually slowing it down. The first report would be due May 1, 2026.
H.R. 5287, the China Advanced Technology Monitoring Act, doesn't ban anything or spend money. It orders the Secretary of Defense to deliver a detailed report on China's semiconductor manufacturing to the House and Senate Armed Services Committees by May 1, 2026, then update it every year for 5 years.
The scope is wide. The report has to map China's entire chip ecosystem, not just count factories. That means tracking design, intellectual property, research, raw silicon and critical minerals, industrial gases, photomasks, equipment, software, and advanced packaging, year by year, and covering AI chipmaking alongside ordinary semiconductors.
A big chunk is aimed at one question: are the export controls working? The Pentagon would have to analyze whether China is routing around U.S. and allied restrictions through foreign investment, third-party buyers, supplier relocations, or quiet contractual deals, then tell Congress whether the current rules still hold and how to tighten them.
The bill also splits the difference on secrecy. Each report would be unclassified with a classified annex for sensitive intelligence, and the unclassified version or a synopsis would have to be posted on a public government website with a notice in the Federal Register. Lawmakers get the full picture; the public and industry get a usable version. The bill sets no funding, fines, or penalties, so its weight comes entirely from the mandatory deadlines and congressional oversight that follows.
H.R. 5287 Bill Summary
What H.R. 5287 actually does.
First Pentagon report due by May 1, 2026
The Secretary of Defense would have to submit the first report to the House and Senate Armed Services Committees no later than May 1, 2026, then report annually for 5 years, with input from other federal agencies as needed.
Maps China's entire chip supply chain
The report must track China's semiconductor manufacturing and AI chipmaking year by year, covering design, intellectual property, research, silicon and critical minerals, industrial gases, photomasks, equipment, tools, software, and advanced packaging.
Tests whether export controls are being dodged
The Pentagon would have to analyze whether China is getting around U.S. and allied export controls through foreign investment, third-party acquisitions, supplier relocations, partnerships, and contractual relationships.
Recommends how to tighten the rules
Each report must judge whether current export controls still curb China's access to chipmaking equipment and give Congress specific recommendations for strengthening them, tying the 5-year cycle to possible future legislation.
Public report plus a classified annex
The report would be unclassified with a classified annex for sensitive intelligence. The unclassified version or a synopsis must be posted on a public government website, with a notice published in the Federal Register.
Examines China's chip deals with other countries
The report must describe how China works with other nations on chipmaking equipment, including foreign investment, trade, research ties, joint ventures, and partnerships that expand its semiconductor reach.
Who benefits from H.R. 5287?
Members of Congress and their oversight staff
The Armed Services Committees would get a formal, recurring assessment from the Pentagon every year for 5 years, giving lawmakers a consistent basis for oversight and a clearer case for future export-control legislation instead of relying on one-off briefings.
U.S. national security planners
Defense and interagency officials would get a single annual readout covering China's chip capacity, AI chipmaking, foreign partnerships, and whether export controls are holding, rather than piecing it together from separate intelligence streams.
American chipmakers and their suppliers
Because the unclassified report or a synopsis must be posted publicly, U.S. firms would get a clearer view of how the government sees the risks tied to equipment, software, photomasks, critical minerals, and advanced packaging.
Researchers, journalists, and the public
The unclassified portion has to go online and be announced in the Federal Register, opening up a recurring government assessment of China's chip industry that's usually locked behind classified briefings.
Who is affected by H.R. 5287?
The Department of Defense
The Pentagon takes on the work of producing the report, with the Secretary of Defense required to meet the May 1, 2026 deadline and the annual deadlines that follow, coordinating with other agencies as appropriate.
Other federal agencies
Agencies aren't named individually, but they get pulled in because the Secretary of Defense must consult the heads of other federal departments and agencies as appropriate when preparing each report.
China's semiconductor and AI chip sectors
China's chipmaking capacity, industrial policies, foreign partnerships, and equipment access would face sustained annual U.S. scrutiny, from design and R&D down to silicon, critical minerals, photomasks, software, and advanced packaging.
Foreign companies and countries working with China
The bill directs the Pentagon to examine how other countries coordinate with China on chipmaking equipment, including foreign investment, trade, research ties, joint ventures, and possible third-party acquisition routes.
HR5287 Legislative Journey
House: Committee Action
Sep 10, 2025
Referred to the House Committee on Foreign Affairs.
About the Sponsor
Eugene Vindman
Democrat, Virginia's 7th congressional district · 1 years in Congress
Committees: Agriculture, Armed Services
View full profile →
Cosponsors (2)
All 2 cosponsors are Republicans. Cosponsors represent 1 state: Pennsylvania.
Committee Sponsors
22 Democrats across this committee haven't cosponsored yet. Mobilize their constituents
H.R. 5287 Quick Facts
- Committee
- Foreign Affairs
- Chamber
- House
- Policy
- International Affairs
- Introduced
- Sep 10, 2025
Referred to the House Committee on Foreign Affairs.
Sep 10, 2025
Official Sources
Official status, text, sponsors, and actions for the China Advanced Technology Monitoring Act.
The committee of jurisdiction the bill was referred to on September 10, 2025.
One of the two committees that would receive the Pentagon's annual report under the bill.
The other committee that would receive the Pentagon's annual report under the bill.
Congressional Research Service backgrounder on the export controls whose effectiveness the bill would have the Pentagon assess.
Bureau of Industry and Security action restricting China's chipmaking, the type of control the bill asks the Pentagon to evaluate.
H.R. 5287 Common Questions
What would H.R. 5287 actually do?
It orders the Defense Secretary to deliver a yearly report on China's semiconductor manufacturing to Congress, starting by May 1, 2026 and continuing for 5 years. It doesn't ban anything or spend money.
When is the first Pentagon report on China's chipmaking due?
By May 1, 2026, with updated reports required every year after that for 5 years.
Can the public read the China chip report?
Most of it, yes. Each report would be unclassified with a classified annex for sensitive intelligence, and the unclassified version or a synopsis must be posted on a public government website and noticed in the Federal Register.
What parts of China's chip supply chain would the Pentagon track?
Pretty much all of it, year by year: design, intellectual property, research, silicon and critical minerals, industrial gases, photomasks, equipment, tools, software, and advanced packaging.
Does H.R. 5287 cover AI chips, not just regular semiconductors?
Yes. The report must assess China's progress in both semiconductor manufacturing and artificial intelligence chipmaking each year.
Would the report check if China is dodging U.S. export controls?
Yes. It must analyze whether China is getting around U.S. and allied restrictions through foreign investment, third-party buyers, supplier relocations, and contractual ties, then judge whether the controls still work and how to tighten them.
Which agency leads the report?
The Secretary of Defense, who would consult the heads of other federal departments and agencies as needed.
Does the bill look at China's chip partnerships with other countries?
Yes. The report must describe how China works with other nations on chipmaking equipment, including foreign investment, trade, research ties, joint ventures, and partnerships.
Based on H.R. 5287 bill text
H.R. 5287 Bill Text
“To require an annual report on the advanced semiconductor manufacturing capabilities of the People’s Republic of China.”
Source: U.S. Government Publishing Office
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