The Committee on Appropriations holds the power of the purse, responsible for writing legislation that allocates federal funds to numerous government agencies, departments, and organizations. Its twelve subcommittees determine spending levels for discretionary programs across the government, after reviewing presidential budget requests and holding hearings.

The Committee on Education and the Workforce considers matters related to education and workforce development from early learning through higher education and retirement. It addresses issues including K-12 schooling, college access, job training, workplace safety, and labor standards.