The Committee on Armed Services exercises legislative oversight for the nation's military, including the Department of Defense, military research and development, nuclear energy activities, and benefits for members of the armed forces. It also handles the confirmation of presidential nominees for senior defense and military positions.

The Committee on Education and the Workforce considers matters related to education and workforce development from early learning through higher education and retirement. It addresses issues including K-12 schooling, college access, job training, workplace safety, and labor standards.