The Committee on Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs oversees legislation related to banks, financial institutions, housing, urban development, and economic policy. Its jurisdiction includes monetary policy, financial stability, consumer protection in financial services, securities markets, and international finance.

The Committee on Finance holds broad jurisdiction over taxation and revenue measures, the nation's debt, customs, international trade, and key social programs. It oversees Social Security, Medicare, Medicaid, and unemployment benefits, shaping fiscal policy and health legislation.

The Committee on the Judiciary conducts oversight of the Department of Justice and considers nominations for federal judgeships, including the Supreme Court. Its legislative jurisdiction covers constitutional amendments, federal criminal law, immigration, antitrust, patents, and civil liberties.

The Committee on Veterans' Affairs handles legislation related to veterans' benefits, healthcare, housing, employment, and memorials. It provides oversight for the Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) and addresses issues affecting former service members.

Also known as the Helsinki Commission, this independent agency monitors compliance with the Helsinki Accords and advances human rights, democracy, and security in the OSCE region. It comprises members from the House, Senate, and the Executive Branch, engaging in public diplomacy and policy recommendations.