The Committee on Appropriations holds the power of the purse, responsible for writing legislation that allocates federal funds to numerous government agencies, departments, and organizations. Its twelve subcommittees determine spending levels for discretionary programs across the government, after reviewing presidential budget requests and holding hearings.

The Committee on Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs oversees legislation related to banks, financial institutions, housing, urban development, and economic policy. Its jurisdiction includes monetary policy, financial stability, consumer protection in financial services, securities markets, and international finance.

The Committee on Foreign Relations leads Senate consideration of U.S. foreign policy, including treaties, diplomatic nominations, foreign aid, and arms control. It shapes legislation concerning international relations and provides oversight of the State Department and other foreign affairs agencies.

The Committee on Rules and Administration oversees the rules and procedures of the Senate, federal election laws, campaign finance, presidential succession, and the administration of Senate buildings. It also manages entities like the Government Publishing Office and the Library of Congress.

This joint committee oversees the functions of the Government Publishing Office (GPO), setting standards for government printing, distribution, and archival of federal documents. It addresses public access to government information and the efficiency of federal printing operations.