The Committee on Agriculture holds jurisdiction over federal agriculture policy, including farming, forestry, nutrition programs, and rural development. It oversees the Department of Agriculture and shapes legislation like the Farm Bill, covering commodity programs, conservation, and food assistance.

The Committee on Armed Services exercises legislative oversight for the nation's military, including the Department of Defense, military research and development, nuclear energy activities, and benefits for members of the armed forces. It also handles the confirmation of presidential nominees for senior defense and military positions.