The Committee on Agriculture, Nutrition, and Forestry oversees America's agricultural industry, including research, production, marketing, and price stabilization for commodities. It also holds jurisdiction over national nutrition programs like SNAP and school meals, forestry, rural development, and related areas.

The Committee on Appropriations holds the power of the purse, responsible for writing legislation that allocates federal funds to numerous government agencies, departments, and organizations. Its twelve subcommittees determine spending levels for discretionary programs across the government, after reviewing presidential budget requests and holding hearings.

The Committee on Environment and Public Works deals with legislation concerning environmental protection, infrastructure projects like highways and water systems, and disaster response. Its jurisdiction includes oversight of the Environmental Protection Agency and the Army Corps of Engineers.

The Committee on Rules and Administration oversees the rules and procedures of the Senate, federal election laws, campaign finance, presidential succession, and the administration of Senate buildings. It also manages entities like the Government Publishing Office and the Library of Congress.

The Committee on Veterans' Affairs handles legislation related to veterans' benefits, healthcare, housing, employment, and memorials. It provides oversight for the Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) and addresses issues affecting former service members.

Also known as the Helsinki Commission, this independent agency monitors compliance with the Helsinki Accords and advances human rights, democracy, and security in the OSCE region. It comprises members from the House, Senate, and the Executive Branch, engaging in public diplomacy and policy recommendations.